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Soaps and Cleansers
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Soaps & cleansersWhy wash?Everyone likes to feel clean; it's refreshing, invigorating, relaxing
and enjoyable. Washing your skin removes excessive oil and unpleasant odours as well as make-up, sunscreens and dirt. How to wash: wet your skin. Apply soap or cleanser to your hands, add warm water and work
into lather. Massage gently. Rinse thoroughly. Gently pat dry. Do I have normal, dry, oily or sensitive skin?These
terms are most frequently applied to facial skin, but may apply to other sites as well. To determine your skin type, wash
your face and pat dry. Wait for an hour, then press a tissue to your forehead, cheeks, chin and nose. If your face is not
shiny and there's no oily residue on the tissue, you have normal skin. If your face looks/feels tight or is flaky and
there is no oily residue on the tissue, you have dry skin. If your face is shiny and the tissue reveals an oily residue, you
have oily skin. Many people have combination skin: the T-zone (forehead, nose, chin) is oily but the cheeks are normal or
dry. Normal skin has a correct balance of moisture and oils. It is slightly acidic at a pH of 4.5-5.75 (6.5 under your
arms). A variety of harmless (commensal) bacteria and yeasts live in low numbers on the skin surface, and may help protect
your skin from infection (invasion by more harmful bacteria such as staphylococcus or streptococcus). Sensitive skin
is skin that stings easily, especially during or just after cleansing. Sensitive skin is more likely to be dry and is hyper-reactive,
i.e. prone to develop dermatitis (itchy bumpy skin). Sensitive skin may be inclined to be red, flush easily or have broken capillaries (telangiectasia). There
is often an underlying skin problem such as: Oily skin, or seborrhoea, predisposes to acne. If you have an oily complexion, you may be tempted to scrub twenty times a day: don't! You might dry your skin too much
and rather than preventing infection, you may even increase the number of harmful bacteria. Just gently wash affected areas when you wake up, post-exercise and at bedtime. What cleanser should I use?Pure
water alone is not quite enough: removing dirt, which is fat-soluble (lipophilic) and sticks to the skin, requires a surfactant.
Surfactants are active cleansing substances that consist of a fat-soluble (lipophilic) part and a water-soluble
(hydrophilic) part. The lipophilic part sticks to oil and dirt, and the hydrophilic part allows it to be washed away. Surfactants
may be a soap, a synthetic detergent or a combination The choice of cleaning agent helps determine the product's lathering
characteristics, feel on the skin and how easily it rinses off. There is a wide range of products designed for washing,
available as bars, liquids, gels, creams, shampoos, scrubs, masks, cloths and wipes. Manufacturers consider mildness, biodegradability,
low toxicity, cleansing ability, emulsification, moisturization, skin appearance and feel, smell (fragrance) and lubrication
to be important aspects of their products. Cleansers may contain: - Water to remove water-soluble (hydrophilic)
components of dirt.
- A mixture of detergents or surfactants (surface-active agents) to remove oil-soluble (lipophilic)
dirt, by loosening particles from the skin surface. Surfactants often have an electrical charge:
- Anionic (negatively
charged) surfactants to foam (lather) such as sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium laureth sulphate and sodium sulphosuccinate.
Anionic surfactants rinse off easily.
- Cationic (positively charged) surfactants include trimethyl dodecyl ammonium
chloride.
- Amphoteric surfactants are both negatively and positively charged to leave a pleasant sensation on the
skin and reduce the irritant action of anionic surfactants. An example is cocamido propyl betaine; betaines are derived from
sugar beet.
- Non-ionic surfactants include polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and acyl-polyglycoside (APG).
- Emulsifiers
such as diethanolamine (DEA) to prevent separation into layers of different chemicals.
- Moisturisers to replace skin
oils and retain moisture in the skin.
- Fragrances to provide a pleasant smell.
- Preservatives to prolong shelf-life
and prevent mould.
- Colours, humectants, thickeners and solvents such as glycerine to improve texture and appearance.
- Biocides (antiseptics) such as triclosan and para-chloro-meta-xylenol (PCMX), to reduce bacterial count on the skin.
They can reduce body odour and help certain skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis and acne. These products, depending upon
their formulation and application, may also kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause intestinal illnesses and other
community infections. But there is concern that common household use may increase resistant organisms and actually make such
infections more likely and more serious,
- Scrubs i.e. abrasive substances to smooth out rough skin (face) or remove
stubborn dirt (industrial hand cleansers).
- Antioxidants, vitamins and alphahydroxy acids (fruit acids) to smooth
skin and reduce photoaging changes.
- Botanicals to soothe, heal, moisturise, for their astringent properties or to
act as natural antiseptics.
- Exfoliating (peeling), keratolytic (skin-dissolving) or comedolytic (whitehead-removing)
additives such as salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide to reduce acne.
What are the complications of skin cleansing?Soaps
and cleansers can irritate and result in skin problems. These are rare with modern synthetic detergent products made by reputable
manufacturers, if they have been designed for sensitive skin and are used appropriately. Over-washing may have the following
effects: - The pH of the skin may change. Water alone has a neutral pH of 7. Soaps are alkalis pH 7-12, which damage
the skin barrier function.
- The number and type of bacteria may change. Alkalis may even increase the number of Proprionibacterium acnes (the acne bacteria).
- The surface oil film (sebum) is removed, allowing greater water loss through the epidermis to the skin surface, from where it evaporates. This may lead
to dermatitis.
- The de-fatted skin may become excessively dry.
- The surface horny cells may be loosened, disturbing barrier
function and allowing more water loss. The skin becomes more permeable to chemicals.
- Dry skin is more prone to infection with Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in impetigo.
- Irritant contact dermatitis (red, dry, chafed skin) may develop. This may be provoked by the dry skin itself, or by a particular surfactant in the cleanser.
Sodium lauryl sulphate is more irritating than sodium laureth sulphate for example. Cleansers designed to treat acne should
be used with caution if leave-on acne products are used as well: too much treatment will result in excessive dryness and irritation.
- Stinging is particularly likely with alcohols, gels, alphahydroxy acids or other additives
- Contact urticaria (immediate redness, itching and swelling) may arise due to fragrance, preservative
or benzoyl peroxide.
- Some formulas are comedogenic (clog the pores), aggravating acne.
- Scrubbing may break open comedones (blocked pores) forming inflamed acne pimples.
- Applying a thick moisturiser to compensate for dryness could also aggravate acne.
- Allergic contact dermatitis (a delayed but persistent reaction) may develop to a component of the cleanser. Because they are rinsed off, true contact
allergy to soaps and cleansers is rare. However it may result from:
- Protein contact dermatitis, a rare mixture of contact
urticaria and allergic dermatitis, due to a protein component such as peanut or oatmeal.
SoapSoap has
been made since ancient times, but has been particularly popular for cleansing the body since the mid-eighteenth century when
modern manufacturing processes were discovered. Soap is an anionic surfactant. Soap is made from fats and oils mixed
with alkali, forming glycerine and the sodium salt of the fatty acid. The fats required for soap making come from a combination
of tallow, grease, fish oils, and/or vegetable oils. In ancient times, the alkali came from ashes but today the alkali for
soap formed into solid bars is sodium hydroxide. Liquid soaps are made with potassium hydroxide. The hardness, lathering
ability, and transparency of soap vary according to the combination of ingredients. Disadvantages of soap
- It is alkaline, which irritates sensitive skin, which is normally acidic.
- It forms scum when used with
hard water (water that contains a high amount of calcium in solution). The scum stops the surfactant properties, so one tends
to use more soap.
- Soap leaves deposits of carbonate salts on the skin. This irritates the skin.
- Soap deteriorates
on storage.
SyndetsSynthetically produced detergents (syndets) were developed in the 1950s and are widely
available. They are made from a variety of petrochemicals (derived from petroleum) and/or oleochemicals (derived from fats
and oils). These hydrocarbon chain sources are used to make the lipophilic end of the surfactant molecule. Chemicals, such
as sulphur trioxide, sulphuric acid and ethylene oxide, are used to produce the hydrophilic end of the surfactant molecule.
Compared with soap: - Syndets can be set to the normal skin pH of 5.5
- The number of Proprionibacterium
acnes (acne bacteria) is reduced
- No scum is produced so they rinse off well
- Washed skin is less dry
- Sensitive skin is less irritated
- They are more expensive.
Hypoallergenic products
The manufacturers of hypoallergenic skin cleansers have tried to avoid using substances that are likely to cause contact
allergy. Their products are often "fragrance-free" (low levels of masking fragrances are permitted), "mild"
and "non-irritating". If you have acne, choose products that are labelled as "oil-free" and "non-comedogenic".
However, even hypoallergenic products may still be irritating to those with very sensitive skin, and they may still
rarely cause contact allergy. Labelling in the USAFor the US, the FDA states: "If a cosmetic claim is made on the label of a "true" soap or cleanser, such as moisturizing or deodorizing,
the product must meet all FDA requirements for a cosmetic, and the label must list all ingredients. If a drug claim is made
on a cleanser or soap, such as antibacterial, antiperspirant, or anti acne, the product is a drug, and the label must list
all active ingredients, as is required for all drug products."
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Dear Friends Care. I personally see every new patient who visits our office. I am not just a physician, I am a Board Certified Dermatologist. This is the type of 5-star care and service that our patients expect, deserve and receive. I treat every patient the way I would want to be treated: with courtesy, dignity and respect. I carefully listen to their skin-care concerns and offer a variety of options including a treatment
plan that I believe will give them the best results. We also support our patients with a very fine medical staff . Please
take a moment to explore our top of the line winning website. My philosophy is simple…Experience Counts
and Quality Matters. Please allow me to solve your skin problems. After all, at NYC Dermatology , our
philosophy is if you look great you will feel great with gorgeous skin.” Best Regards, Dr.
Rothfeld
A varied collection
of the best black and white photographs of New York City, and the life and people found in the city.
The value of the best Black and White Photography of New York City is the language of communication among all of us which is the basis for happiness . These black and white
photos of Manhattan and New York City seen through me a new york city dermatologist tells a story. It is both emotional and
beautiful. This is what the originality of black-and-white-photography is all about.These photos are provoking, some are strange
and some are extremely beautiful. The examples above displays the beautiful side of black and white photography. I feel these
pictures show a passionate interest in human relationships and capturing intimate moments in the lives of family and friends.These
photos manages not just to show something, but to capture a moment of life in all its beauty and vividness.
 How Acne starts
Acne affects almost everyone — more than 90% of all adolescents, nearly
50% of all adult women and 25% of all adults. Crossing gender lines as well as national borders, it's one of the most
widespread medical conditions in the world. Yet there's still no cure.
But there is hope. While acne is not curable, it
is treatable. We now know more about controlling this condition than ever before. The secret to managing acne is prevention
— stopping this condition before it exhibits visual symptoms. Once you have found an acne treatment that helps you
accomplish this, it's important to stick with it. Even after pimples disappear, you may need to continue treatment
to keep new blemishes at bay. It's also crucial to begin treatment as soon as the first signs appear; the
sooner you address your acne, the less likely you are to experience permanent damage to your skin. Of course, in order
to stop acne, we must first find out how it starts. What causes acne? One of the most important things
you can learn about acne is this: It's not your fault. Contrary to popular belief,
acne is not caused by anything you're doing — what you eat, how often you wash your
face or work out — but by a combination of factors at work far beneath the surface of your skin. A healthy follicle
 A blemish begins approximately 2–3 weeks before it appears on your skin's surface. It starts in your sebaceous hair
follicles — the tiny holes commonly called pores. Deep within each follicle, your sebaceous glands are working to produce
sebum, the oil that keeps your skin moist and pliable. As your skin renews itself, the old cells die, mix with your skin's
natural oils, and are sloughed off. Under normal circumstances, these cells are shed gradually, making room for fresh new
skin. But sloughing is different for everyone. Some people shed cells evenly; some don't.
Uneven shedding causes dead cells to become sticky, clumping together to form a plug — much like a cork in a bottle.
This plug, or comedo, traps oil and bacteria inside the follicle. A plugged follicle
 The plug traps oil and bacteria within the follicle, which begins to swell as your skin continues its normal oil production.
Your body then attacks the bacteria with a busy swarm of white blood cells. The whole process takes 2–3 weeks, culminating
in a pimple.
An inflamed acne lesion
 Why me? There is no one simple "cause" of acne — the condition is influenced
by many factors, many which are out of your control. The regularity with which you shed skin cells can change throughout your
life. The rate at which you produce sebum is affected by your hormone balance, which is often in flux — especially for
women. Research has also shown that genetics play a big part in the development and persistence of acne, so your family history
is a valuable prediction tool as well when considering the various causes of acne. One of the best weapons in the fight against
acne, however, is knowledge; if you know what causes acne, it's easier to formulate a good plan
of attack. There are five primary culprits contributing to this process. Each of these factors may vary dramatically between
individuals. While you don't have control over these factors, understanding them can help you in your search for the proper
acne treatment. Acne Causes - Culprit #1: Hormones.
For the majority of acne sufferers, the trouble begins at puberty, when the body begins to produce hormones called androgens.
These hormones cause the sebaceous glands to enlarge, which is a natural part of the body's development. In acne sufferers,
however, the sebaceous glands are overstimulated by androgens, sometimes well into adulthood. Androgens are also responsible
for acne flare-ups associated with the menstrual cycle and, on occasion, pregnancy. Acne Causes - Culprit #2: Extra
sebum. When the sebaceous gland is stimulated by androgens, it produces extra sebum. In its journey up the follicle
toward the surface, the sebum mixes with common skin bacteria and dead skin cells that have been shed from the lining
of the follicle. While this process is normal, the presence of extra sebum in the follicle increases the chances of clogging
— and can cause acne. Acne Causes - Culprit #3: Follicle fallout.
Normally, dead cells within the follicle shed gradually and are expelled onto the skin’s surface. But in patients with
overactive sebaceous glands — and in nearly everyone during puberty — these cells are shed more rapidly. Mixed
with a surplus of sebum, the dead skin cells form a plug in the follicle, preventing the skin from finishing its natural process
of renewal. Acne Causes - Culprit #4: Bacteria. The bacterium
Propionibacterium acnes, (P. acnes for short) is a regular resident of all skin types; it’s part of the skin’s
natural sebum maintenance system. Once a follicle is plugged, however, P. acnes bacteria multiply rapidly, creating the chemical
reaction we know as inflammation in the follicle and surrounding skin. Acne Causes - Culprit #5: Inflammation.
When your body encounters unwanted bacteria, it sends an army of white blood cells to attack the intruders. This process is
called chemotaxis; or, simply put, the inflammatory response. This is what causes pimples to become red, swollen and painful.
The inflammatory response is different for everyone, but studies have shown that it is especially strong in adult women.
What can I do?
Fortunately, you have options! There are many kinds of acne treatments available today. But first, you should
try to determine the type and severity of your condition. Acne, like a person, is highly individual — it can take
many forms, and have a highly variable response to treatment. The more you know about your specific form of acne,
the more likely you are to find a treatment that works for you.
NYC Dermatology Board Certified Dermatologist
Dr.
Gary Rothfeld Manhattan, New York 
Trained in Dermatology, NYC Dermatolgy by Board Certified Dermatologist NY Dermatology Dr. Gary Rothfeld
possesses the special knowledge, skills and professional capability that distinguishes him as an outstanding Dermatologist
in NYC , Manhattan , New York at NYC Dermatology by Board Certified Dermatologist. Top New York City Dermatologist,
Dr. Rothfeld in Manhattan treats the most difficult cases until the problem clears.- Do you peer in the mirror each morning and play little face
games?
- Do you find yourself raising your brows, smiling wider, stretching wrinkles, pursing your lips,
or lifting the droopy corners that weren’t there last month?
- Are you exhausted
from trying every TV promise out there to stop your acne and wonder “why me?”
Who doesn’t find something they don’t like about the face in
the mirror each morning? It’s human nature to want to look your best. Even royalty and celebrities find themselves sitting
across from Dr. Rothfeld seeking the fix for that blemish, that sag or that brown spot.
Dr. Rothfeld, having worked alongside several of the world's renowned dermatologists, has shaped a uniquely innovative approach in
treating any skin problem you may have. Through cosmetic and medical dermatology, laser surgery and powerful combination treatment
options, Dr. Rothfeld quickly and effectively helps you see dramatic improvements in the appearance and health of your skin.
Dr. Rothfeld is well known for his particular expertise is in designing
anti-aging, anti-acne, and anti-rosacea treatments with exceptional success and optimum cosmetic elegance. These particular
conditions need specialized non-harsh therapies in order to be successful with minimal side effects. Over-treatment or overly
aggressive treatment can backfire. Dr. Rothfeld makes sure that doesn’t happen to his patients.
| Dr. Rothfeld has a main concern is that you receive an individualized
skin treatment program that eliminates your problems without unnecessary side effects. This is attained by having one-on-one
care with good old fashioned personal attention from Dr. Rothfeld himself." |
Dr. Rothfeld is featured as a Top Dermatologist in
Black and White Photography of New York. Dr. Rothfeld is known for "innovative
treatments for Acne, Aging and Rosacea as administered with good old-fashioned attention.. Dr.
Rothfeld has exceptional skill in performing Laser and Botox procedures.
The most common
medical condition that Dr. Rothfeld treats is Acne. His comprehensive approach may include
Photodynamic Therapy which will help restore your natural, radiant skin without the
signs of acne. This treatment, which can consist of a combination of blue light and
laser, significantly diminishes your need for oral medications.
His cutting-edge technology at NYC Dermatology
has initiated his interest and involvement in Laser Dermatology. He has the latest proven lasers to treat Acne
& Acne Scars , Facial Blood Vessels Rosacea , Unwanted
Hair , Wrinkles , Age and Brown Spots & Sun
Damage , and Loose Facial Skin . These laser procedures provide tremendous results
with little downtime. All laser procedures are performed personally by Dr. Rothfeld.
One particularly
exciting use of Botox is the non-surgical Brow Lift. This procedure elevates the brow and can also elevate droopy eyelid skin.
He has helped countless patients avoid unnecessary plastic surgery with this procedure.
Another well-appreciated application of
Botox Cosmetic is in the treatment for excessive underarm sweating , which has been
recently FDA approved. The Botox Cosmetic is non-diluted and prepared in such a way as to be completely painless!
Rejuvenating Peels are excellent treatment for the prevention
of aging skin and acne. Light Peels and IPL Fotofacial offer quick treatments that
help improve skin texture and minimize fine lines. Cosmelan treats patchy brown hyperpigmentation.
Your Health is Vital; Start with your Skin. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends yearly
skin checks to examine moles and remove unusual ones that are often overlooked by patients. Since we live with a high risk
of skin cancer with its almost year-round exposure to the sun, skin checks are especially important. Dr. Rothfeld, a Board Certified Dermatologist
at NYC Dermatology in Manhattan, New York is caring, detailed, and meticulous and will never give up until the problem
is cleared. Dr. Rothfeld, a board certified dermatologist in nyc who practices Dermatology in Manhattan, New
York has treated many patients in the entertainment and music industry is caring, detailed and meticulous and will not give
up until the condition resolves. Dr. Rothfeld is recognized as one of the best Dermatologists in NYC by the entertainment
industry.NYC Dermatology is under
the medical supervision of Dr. Gary Rothfeld, a Board Certified Dermatologist.
To enhance every aspect of your skin
care, Dr. Rothfeld has personally created a superb line of cosmetic procedures.. NYC Dermatology
by Board Certified Dermatologist Dr. Gary Rothfeld is a board certified NYC Dermatologist
with a New York City office in Manhattan, New York providing expert skin care, dermatology, and
cosmetic dermatology services. A board certified dermatologist in NYC specializing
in dermatology and dermatologic surgery including state-of-the-art cosmetic surgical procedures, Dr. Gary Rothfeld is
known for his attention to body symmetry and his dedication to meeting patients’ personal goals. His specialties include
full body liposuction using the tumescent technique, facial fat transplantation, Botulinum injection into facial lines and
laser resurfacing. NYC dermatology specializes in chemical peels, vein injections, laser, restylane, Perlane,
Botox injections, JUvederm, non-surgical facelifts, collagen implantation and treatment of skin cancer.
As an expert in the field of dermatology and cosmetic dermatologic
surgery, Dr. Rothfeld is has appeared on national television shows. Dr. Rothfeld has also been quoted in many high
profile national magazines.
Our goal at the manhattan office of Board Certified Derrmatologist , Dr.
Gary Rothfeld is to create an atmosphere of professionalism, trust and complete patient satisfaction at the NYC Dermatology
and Cosmetic Surgery Center in Manhattan, New York. Dr. Rothfeld, Dermatology Director of NYC Dermatolgy is a Board
Certified Dermatologist at NYC Dermatology who has treated many patients in the entertainment industry. Schedule an appointment at
our office which provides top of the line expert skin care, dermatology, cosmetic dermatology services,
and advanced dermatology laser treatments for cosmetic needs and medical skin conditions. We offer a full range of services
including surgery for skin cancer, laser hair removal, Botox®, the Fractionated Resurfacing laser, Titan laser, and acne
photodynamic treatments. Our main goal is to provide you with the most effective and advanced treatment. Join the NYC Laser
Center NYC Dermatology Mailing List Our periodic newsletters include exclusive offers, educational articles, as well
as free treatment & product drawings! Email: nycdermatologist@aol.com in our Media office and including different offers and many more. We offer a variety of services from
Botox® to Liposuction . Please contact us with any questions you may have or schedule an appointment online or by phone for
a consultation. Beauty Is Forever! and Dr. Rothfeld
at NYC Dermatologist has over 20 years of experience with his beauty tips.
.
During
your office consultation and examination you will be provided with a detailed plan of the treatments that will benefit
you most. NYC Laser Center NYC Dermatology top laser dermatology center offering skin care, dermatolgy,cosmetic
dermatology services, and laser treatments for sun damaged skin, acne, acne scars, rosacea, pigmentation, laser
hair removal, broken blood vessels, as well as superficial and deep wrinkles. We offer patients in Manhattan,
services including general dermatology, wrinkle fillers such as Restylane®, Captique, Perlane,Cosmoderm and Cosmoplast, Radiance® (radiesse) and Sculptra. We also offer Botox®,
Cosmelan, Velasmooth, Fotofacial, Titan laser, Refirme, and the Fractionated Resurfacing laser. in the treatment of acne,
rosacea, skin cancer and surgery. Dr. Rothfeld has taught numerous other physicians on the proper use of Botox®, medical
hair transplants, and lasers in the country. Acne Photodynamic Treatment
- Botox® - Botox® for Hyperhidrosis - Cellulite - Cool Laser - Cosmelan Depigmentation Treatment - Glycolic
Acid Peel - Fat Transfer - Fotofacial / IPL Fractionated Resurfacing Laser - Hair Loss - Laser Hair Removal - Liposuction
- - Surgery - Minimal Scar Technique - Photodynamic Rejuvenation Radiance® - Restylane® - Sclerotherapy
- Sculptra - Smoothbeam - Stretch Marks - SunFX - TCA Peel - Tattoo Removal - Titan Laser Facelift - V-beam Laser Treatments
- Velasmooth Our cosmetic surgeon includes Dermatologist Dr. Gary Rothfeld Board Certified Dermatologist
at NYC Dermatology. Our NYC dermatologist offers advanced dermatology laser treatments for cosmetic needs and medical
skin conditions. We offer our services to Manhattan , Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens locations through our Manhattan
office in NYC
Open 7 Days A Week — Se Habla Español
NYC Dermatology - Manhattan Dermatology - Skin Institute of
New York - Skin Cancer Doctor- NYC Cosmetic Dermatology- Cosmetic Dermatological Surgery - New York City -
Board Certified Dermatologist
Manhattan Office
Dr. Gary Rothfeld
NYC Dermatology
- Board Certified Dermatologist - New York, NY
30 E. 60th St. Ste. 805
Manhattan, New York 10022
212.644.9494
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